The work and the heteronyms

Pessoa left his mark as an extremely original writer for inventing fictitious authors – heteronyms – who “wrote” parts of his work. Each one “had” a personality, a biography, a physionomy, a character, a defined literary style, unlike the others and even Pessoa, the “orthonym,” that is, himself. The main “imaginary friends” of Pessoa were the poets Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis, and Álvaro de Campos:

Alberto Caeiro

Caeiro, the pastoral and (anti)philosophical poet, was the “master” of heteronyms;

Ricardo Reis

Reis, was the neoclassical singer of a new paganism;

Álvaro de Campos

Campos, was the exuberant modernist who “felt everything in every way.”

Bernardo Soares deserves special attention, author of The Book of Disquiet, an intimate diary composed of dreams and reflections.

Fernando Pessoa

And Pessoa – the orthonym?

He was not only the demiurge who invented this imaginary coterie; he also played a relevant role. He was also the poet who wrote Message, the only book in Portuguese published in life, a set of poems dedicated to Portugal’s heroes and myths in a universalist projection that sees a future of tremendous culture for Portugal and for humanity. We are the future: Readers of the texts that he kept in a legendary case – Pessoa’s assets – full of papers, many of which have yet to be published.

After all, who was Fernando Pessoa?

It’s difficult to say. Every heteronym and each instant for him was an “eternal novelty,” full of poetry and beauty. A beauty that also has the light and colors of Lisbon, his beloved city, sung masterfully by him. Fragmentary, contradictory, irresistable in his intricate fascination, Pessoa is the author to discover, with multiple facets.

From poetry to philosophy to literary criticism to psychology… Pessoa’s genius unsettles us for its multiplicity and leaves us with a major, fundamental question which is always open and challenging: who are we?

Fabrizio Boscaglia

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